Anti-arthritic potential of ethanol and aqueous extracts of stem bark of Cleistopholis patens on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats

C Aloke; U A Ibiam; O U Orji; E I Ugwuja; N N Ezeani; P M Aja; N A Obasi

doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2018.12.009

Anti-arthritic potential of ethanol and aqueous extracts of stem bark of Cleistopholis patens on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats

J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2021 Jan-Mar;12(1):28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2018.12.009. Epub 2019 Oct 9.

Authors

C Aloke¹, U A Ibiam², O U Orji², E I Ugwuja², N N Ezeani², P M Aja², N A Obasi³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Electronic address: chinyere.aloke@funai.edu.ng.
² Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
³ Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Traditional medicine intervention has been used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment due to limitations of conventional drugs.

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the anti-arthritic potentials of ethanol and aqueous extracts of stem bark of Cleistopholis patens (SBCP) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats.

Materials and methods: Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in groups 2 to 9 by intradermal injection of 0.1 mlkg^-1 chicken type II collagen in CFA into the left hind paw of the rats. Group 1 served as normal control. Group 2 (negative control) received 5 mlkg^-1 body weight normal saline while group 3 (positive control) received 10 mg/kg body weight standard drug (indomethacin). Groups 4 to 9 received varied doses of the extracts. After 10 days of RA induction, rats were treated with ethanol and aqueous extracts of SBCP orally at a dose of 400, 600 and 800 mgkg^-1 for 21 days. The paw size, body weight changes, inflammatory parameters, lipid peroxidation maker and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed.

Results: Rheumatoid arthritis induction caused marked (p < 0.05) increase in paw size, inflammatory makers and MDA while significant (p < 0.05) reduction was observed in body weight relative to normal control. Treatment with extracts analogous to indomethacin markedly (p < 0.05) decreased the paw size and caused weight gain while the altered inflammatory parameters and MDA were reversed relative to negative control.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the extracts of SBCP have good antiarthritic potentials comparable to indomethacin and hence could be used in rheumatoid arthritis management.

Keywords: Adjuvant; Inflammatory parameters; Malondialdehyde; Rheumatoid arthritis.