Objective: To analyze the deaths with antiretroviral treatment among adult HIV/AIDS patients in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2005 to 2015, in order to understand the epidemiological characteristics and to further reduce the mortality rate in Liangshan Prefecture. Methods: The relevant information was collected through the Management Database of Antiretroviral Treatment from the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Information System. Results: From 2005 to 2015, a total of 14 219 adult HIV/AIDS patients received antiretroviral treatment and 1 425 death cases were reported during the treatment. The cause of death was mainly AIDS-related diseases (58.9%), and the cumulative mortality rate was 10.02%. Gender, age, the way of infection, duration of antiretroviral therapy, clinical stage when received antiretroviral therapy, and CD(4)(+) T lymphocyte levels were factors for the mortality rate (P<0.001). The mortality increased with older age, higher initiation clinical stage and lower level of CD(4)(+) T lymphocyte. Among the death cases, 82.6% were male, 1 182 (82.9%) were married or cohabited, most aged between 30-39 years old (48.6%). At the initial point of receiving antiretroviral therapy, 49.7% of the cases with CD(4)(+)T lymphocytes levels< 200/μl, 61.2% of the deaths cases were>1 000 copies/ml during the last viral load test, and 16.2% of deaths were ≥500/μl in the last CD(4)(+)T lymphocyte test; 44.5% of deaths were received antiretroviral treatment within one year. Conclusion: Early and timely antiretroviral therapy should be carried out. It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda of antiretroviral therapy and to improve the management quality of follow-up information of antiretroviral therapy case files, and to improve the medication compliance of patients.
目的： 分析四川省凉山彝族自治州（凉山州）2005－2015年成年人艾滋病抗病毒治疗死亡病例死亡情况，了解并提高凉山州艾滋病抗病毒质量，进一步降低凉山州艾滋病病死率。 方法： 从国家艾滋病综合防治信息系统——抗病毒治疗管理数据库收集凉山州艾滋病死亡病例相关信息进行分析。 结果： 凉山州2005－2015年累计接受抗病毒治疗成年人患者14 219例，其中死亡1 425例，病死率为10.02%。死亡原因以艾滋病相关疾病为主（58.9%）。病死率与性别、年龄、感染途径、抗病毒治疗时长、开始抗病毒治疗时患者所处临床分期及CD(4)(+)T淋巴细胞水平有关（P<0.001），且随着患者年龄的增加病死率增加、治疗时临床分期越高、基线CD(4)(+)T淋巴细胞水平低，病死率越高；死亡病例中男性占82.6%，已婚或同居1 182例（82.9%），死亡年龄集中在30~39岁组（48.6%），开始抗病毒治疗时CD(4)(+)T淋巴细胞<200个/μl的占49.7%；61.2%的治疗死亡病例在最后一次检测中病毒载量>1 000拷贝/ml，16.2%的治疗死亡病例在最后一次检测中CD(4)(+)T淋巴细胞≥500个/μl；44.5%的死亡病例在接受抗病毒治疗一年内死亡。 结论： 感染者开始接受治疗时间晚，死亡病例的治疗成功率低。应早期、及时开展抗病毒治疗，加强对抗病毒治疗患者的宣传教育，提高抗病毒治疗病例档案随访信息质量管理，有效提高服药依从性。.
Keywords: AIDS; Antiretroviral therapy; Epidemiological analysis; Mortality rate.