Diet as Regulator of Gut Microbiota and its Role in Health and Disease

Mónica Sánchez-Tapia; Armando R Tovar; Nimbe Torres

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.09.004

Diet as Regulator of Gut Microbiota and its Role in Health and Disease

Arch Med Res. 2019 Jul;50(5):259-268. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.09.004. Epub 2019 Oct 5.

Authors

Mónica Sánchez-Tapia¹, Armando R Tovar¹, Nimbe Torres²

Affiliations

¹ Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México.
² Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México. Electronic address: nimbe.torrest@incmnsz.mx.

PMID: 31593850
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.09.004

Abstract

In recent years, the gut microbiota has been of great interest due to its role in maintaining health and its association with the development of different diseases such as obesity and diabetes. The objective of the present review is to show the main functions of the gut microbiota, the role in the degradation of complex carbohydrates particularly soluble fiber, resistant starches and bioactive compounds particularly polyphenols. In addition, the review will focus on the nutrient-gut microbiota interaction and its role on the development of dysbiosis (imbalance) and low-grade inflammation during the obesity and type 2 diabetes. Finally, several strategies using prebiotics will be discussed to reduce the gut microbiota dysbiosis, and to improve some biochemical abnormalities during obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Diet; Gut microbiota; Nutrients; Obesity; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Diet / methods*
Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology*
Humans