1 From the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (J.G.E., P.C.), University of Sheffield (J.G.E., P.C.), Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center (F.M.P.), Denver, Colorado; Department of Surgery and Trauma, St Elisabeth Hospital (M.B.), Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Tawam Hospital (E.A.B.), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center Baystate Medical Center (A.B., R.G.), Hartford, Connecticut; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin (M.G.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital (W.J.), Capital Medical University Beijing, China; Trauma and General Surgery Service, Legacy Emmanuel Medical Centre (W.L.), Portland, Oregon; Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, St. Mary's Medical Center (L.L.), West Palm Beach, Florida; Intermountain Trauma & General Surgery, Intermountain Medical Center (S.M., D.V.B.), Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital (S.M.), Melbourne, Australia; General Surgery, St Lukes Wood River Medical Center (J.M.), Ketchum, ID; Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, George Washington University (B.S.), Washington, District of Columbia; Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (S.S-D.), Germany; and Chest Wall Injury Society (S.W.), Lake City, Utah.