Glycemic impact of a diet and lifestyle intervention on diabetics and prediabetics during treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Nutr Cancer. 2020;72(7):1219-1224. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1672761. Epub 2019 Oct 7.

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) have increased risk of recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Glucose control through lifestyle intervention is an uninvestigated, attractive strategy to decrease risk of cancer recurrence. We test the feasibility of a diet and exercise program and its glycemic impact in patients with DM2 and NMIBC.Materials/methods: Five participants with NMIBC and pre-diabetes or DM2 were recruited for a pilot, prospective clinical trial. Each participant received dietary counseling for 16 sessions during clinical visits. The intervention included a carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet (<130 grams per day), 30 min, walking 5×/wk, and 5000 steps daily. Diet compliance was measured with 24-hour diet recall. Exercise was monitored with accelerometer and self-report.Results: Five participants enrolled and two participants completed the 12-month intervention. Adherence was 60% to CR diet and 84% to exercise goals. Participants reduced carbohydrate consumption by 44%. Participants showed reductions in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, glucosuria, fasting blood insulin, and body weight, and increased euglycemia on continuous glucose monitoring.Conclusions: Adherence to a CR diet and exercise goals is feasible in patients with NMIBC and DM2 and also leads improved glucose control. A phase-II trial on bladder cancer-specific outcomes is warranted.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Body Weight
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy*
  • Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted / methods*
  • Exercise
  • Exercise Therapy / methods*
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Glycemic Control / methods
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood
  • Life Style
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Compliance
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prediabetic State / complications
  • Prediabetic State / therapy*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / complications
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / therapy*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Insulin