Morphological and elemental analysis of silver penetration into sound/demineralized dentin after SDF application

Mahmoud Sayed; Naoko Matsui; Motohiro Uo; Toru Nikaido; Masakazu Oikawa; Michael F Burrow; Junji Tagami

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.111

Morphological and elemental analysis of silver penetration into sound/demineralized dentin after SDF application

Dent Mater. 2019 Dec;35(12):1718-1727. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.111. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Authors

Mahmoud Sayed¹, Naoko Matsui², Motohiro Uo³, Toru Nikaido⁴, Masakazu Oikawa⁵, Michael F Burrow⁶, Junji Tagami⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: Drmahmoudmacklad@gmail.com.
² Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: Matsui.ope@gmail.com.
³ Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan.
⁵ National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
⁶ University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Dentistry, Hong Kong SAR, China.
⁷ Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 31582323
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.111

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration depth of silver into sound and demineralized dentin after application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF).

Methods: Two hundred and eighty-eight dentin specimens were used. The specimens were divided into 3 groups: (1) sound dentin (control), (2) 30min EDTA-treated dentin; and (3) 13h EDTA-treated dentin. SDF was applied to all specimens. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to storage time into: 24h, 2 weeks and 1-year storage time. Each subgroup was further divided into four subgroups (n=8) according to different examinations as optical microscope (OM) observation, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation, elemental analysis with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Micro-PIXE test.

Results: The OM showed discoloration in the superficial layer after 24h and keep extending deeper after 2 weeks and 1-year. SEM showed silver crystals within dentinal tubules after 2 weeks and 1-year. EDS analysis can detect silver penetration only in the 1-year group reaching around 1200μm inside dentin. Micro-PIXE test detected silver at all time intervals, confirming the EDS depth results.

Significance: It can be concluded that silver ions can completely infiltrate the demineralized dentin lesion with further penetration into the underlying mineralized dentin.

Keywords: Dentin; Discoloration; Micro-PIXE/PIGE; Silver diammine fluoride; Silver penetration.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Dentin
Fluorides, Topical*
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds*
Silver Compounds

Substances

Fluorides, Topical
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Silver Compounds
silver diamine fluoride