Conformational Differences among Metarhodopsin I, Metarhodopsin II, and Opsin Probed by Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering

J Phys Chem B. 2019 Oct 31;123(43):9134-9142. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08311. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Abstract

Among the photoproducts of vertebrate rhodopsin, only metarhodopsin II (Meta-II) preferentially adopts the active structure in which transmembrane helices are rearranged. Light-induced helical rearrangement of rhodopsin in membrane-embedded form was directly monitored by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) using nanodiscs. The change in the WAXS curve for the formation of Meta-II was characterized by a peak at 0.2 Å-1 and a valley at 0.6 Å-1, which were not observed in metarhodopsin I and opsin. However, acid-induced active opsin (Opsin*) showed a 0.2 Å-1 peak, but no 0.6 Å-1 valley. Analyses using the model structures based on the crystal structures of dark state and Meta-II suggest that the outward movement of helix VI occurred in Opsin*. However, the displaced helices III and V in Meta-II resulting from the disruption of cytoplasmic ionic lock were restored in Opsin*, which is likely to destabilize the G-protein-activating structure of opsin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Light
  • Models, Molecular
  • Opsins / chemistry*
  • Opsins / radiation effects
  • Protein Conformation*
  • Rhodopsin / chemistry*
  • Rhodopsin / radiation effects
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Opsins
  • metarhodopsins
  • Rhodopsin