Effects of diameters and crystals of titanium dioxide nanotube arrays on blood compatibility and endothelial cell behaviors

Zhihao Gong; Youdong Hu; Fan Gao; Li Quan; Tao Liu; Tao Gong; Changjiang Pan

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110521

Effects of diameters and crystals of titanium dioxide nanotube arrays on blood compatibility and endothelial cell behaviors

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Dec 1:184:110521. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110521. Epub 2019 Sep 23.

Authors

Zhihao Gong¹, Youdong Hu², Fan Gao³, Li Quan³, Tao Liu³, Tao Gong³, Changjiang Pan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nan'jing, 211816, China; Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
² Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Huai'an, 223003, China.
³ Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
⁴ Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nan'jing, 211816, China; Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China. Electronic address: panchangjiang@hyit.edu.cn.

PMID: 31569001
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110521

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNTAs) have attracted extensive attention in the fields of biomaterials and biomedicine due to their unique tubular structure and good biocompatibility. In this paper, TNTAs with different nanotube diameters and lengths were in situ prepared on the titanium surface by the anodic oxidation, and their crystal structures were further changed by annealing treatment. The effects of TNTAs with different diameters and crystals on the blood compatibility and endothelial cell behaviors were investigated. The results showed that TNTAs with the diameter of 30∼90 nm can be obtained by controlling the anodization voltage, and annealing treatment did not obviously change the diameters and lengths of the nanotube arrays. However, annealing treatment can transform the amorphous TNTAs into the anatase structure. The diameter and crystal structure of the nanotube arrays played a key role in the surface wettability and protein adsorption. The nanotube array with larger diameter displayed better surface hydrophilicity as compared to the pristine titanium, and annealing treatment further enhanced the hydrophilicity. As compared to the pristine titanium, the nanotube array structure had the characteristic of selective protein adsorption, and the nanotube array can promote the bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption and prevent the fibrinogen (FIB) adsorption, however, the increase of nanotube diameter could reduce BSA adsorption and increase FIB adsorption. Besides, the nanotube array with anatase structure can promote BSA adsorption while reduce FIB adsorption. Therefore, the TNTAs with smaller diameter and anatase crystal had good blood compatibility and cell compatibility, they can not only reduce platelet adhesion and hemolysis rate but also increase endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation. In conclusion, the nanotube arrays of the present study can be used to improve the cell compatibility and blood compatibility of the titanium implants.

Keywords: Blood compatibility; Endothelial cells; Protein adsorption; Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNTAs).

MeSH terms

Adsorption
Animals
Biocompatible Materials / chemistry*
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology*
Cattle
Cell Adhesion / drug effects
Cell Proliferation / drug effects
Crystallization
Endothelial Cells / chemistry*
Endothelial Cells / drug effects*
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Nanotubes / chemistry*
Particle Size
Platelet Adhesiveness / drug effects
Serum Albumin, Bovine / chemistry*
Surface Properties
Titanium / chemistry*
Titanium / pharmacology*

Substances

Biocompatible Materials
titanium dioxide
Serum Albumin, Bovine
Titanium