Clinical Review of EUS-guided Gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE)

J Clin Gastroenterol. 2020 Jan;54(1):1-7. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001262.

Abstract

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) refers to mechanical obstruction of the distal stomach or proximal duodenum and it is associated with a significant decrease in quality of life. Surgical gastrojejunostomy and self-expandable metal stents were the traditional treatment for GOO. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) has emerged as a third therapeutic option for patients with GOO. Most EUS-GE techniques utilize the placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent under echoendoscopy but differ in the method of localizing the jejunal loop prior to EUS puncture. Data supporting EUS-GE have been promising. Case series including 10 or more cases showed the technical success rate to be approximately 90%. Clinical success is achieved in approximately 85-90% and a less than 18% risk of adverse events is reported. EUS-GE was associated with a lower recurrence of GOO and need for re-intervention when compared to enteral stenting. In addition, EUS-GE shows significantly fewer adverse events compared with surgical gastrojejunostomy. In conclusion, EUS-GE provides symptom relief without the risks of surgical intervention and the limited patency of enteral SEMS placement. EUS-GE is an exciting new option in the management of GOO. Despite the excellent results, randomized studies comparing these different modalities of treatment for GOO are needed before EUS-GE can be accepted as standard of care.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Endosonography / methods*
  • Gastric Outlet Obstruction / surgery*
  • Gastroenterostomy / methods*
  • Humans
  • Self Expandable Metallic Stents
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods*