Association between new anthropometric parameters and arterial stiffness based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity

Hee Seon Choi; Young Hye Cho; Sang Yeoup Lee; Eun Ju Park; Yun Jin Kim; Jeong Gyu Lee; Yu Hyeon Yi; Young Jin Tak; Hye Rim Hwang; Seung Hun Lee

doi:10.2147/DMSO.S211542

Association between new anthropometric parameters and arterial stiffness based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019 Sep 3:12:1727-1733. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S211542. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Hee Seon Choi¹, Young Hye Cho¹, Sang Yeoup Lee¹, Eun Ju Park¹, Yun Jin Kim^{2

3}, Jeong Gyu Lee^{2

3}, Yu Hyeon Yi^{2

3}, Young Jin Tak^{2

3}, Hye Rim Hwang^{2

3}, Seung Hun Lee^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Family Medicine Clinic and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital , Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, South Korea.
² Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 626-780, South Korea.
³ Department of Family Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 626-770, South Korea.

Abstract

Background: Obesity is an important risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Atherosclerosis can be considered an important signal of CVD. Primary physicians can reduce the risk of CVD by preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, finding a tool to diagnose the association of obesity with arteriosclerosis is important. The association between obesity parameters and arterial stiffness remains controversial. To our knowledge, no previous studies reported the relationships between multiple new anthropometric parameters (a body shape index [ABSI], body round index [BRI], and visceral adiposity index [VAI]) and brachial-ankle wave velocity (ba-PWV) as an indicator of CVD risk, especially in the Korean population.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between arterial stiffness (assessed using ba-PWV) and anthropometric parameters estimated on the basis of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), ABSI, BRI, and VAI, and to identify the indicators of obesity that best represents CVD risk.

Methods: A total of 2,647 adults (1,474 men and 1,173 women) were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The correlations between the anthropometric indexes (BMI, WC, ABSI, BRI, and VAI) and mean ba-PWV were analyzed. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between each anthropometric and the presence of arterial stiffness.

Results: We investigated the relationships between the obesity parameters and ba-PWV by adjusting the covariates (age, diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension [HTN], and smoking status) related to the mean ba-PWV. In the multivariate regression analysis, ABSI (men: β =0.066, p<0.01; women: β =0.087, p<0.001) and VAI (men: β =0.067, p<0.01; women: β =0.136, p<0.001) were found to be significantly correlated with the mean ba-PWV in both men and women in Korea.

Conclusion: Among the new obesity indices, ABSI and VAI were found to be significantly associated with arterial stiffness, represented by the mean ba-PWV, in both men and women in Korea. These results suggest that ABSI and VAI may be convenient, highly cost-effective, and simple assessment tools for obesity and CVD risk in clinical practice.

Keywords: anthropometric index; arterial stiffness; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.