OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand, important immune checkpoints in cancer

Juan Deng; Sha Zhao; Xiaoshen Zhang; Keyi Jia; Hao Wang; Caicun Zhou; Yayi He

doi:10.2147/OTT.S214211

OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand, important immune checkpoints in cancer

Onco Targets Ther. 2019 Sep 6:12:7347-7353. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S214211. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Juan Deng^{1

2}, Sha Zhao^{1

2}, Xiaoshen Zhang^{1

2}, Keyi Jia^{1

2}, Hao Wang^{1

2}, Caicun Zhou¹, Yayi He¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
² Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

Immunotherapy has shown promising results in cancer treatment. Research shows that most patients might be resistant to these therapies. So, new immune therapies are needed. OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand (OX40L), costimulatory molecules, express on different types of immune cells. The interaction between OX40 and OX40L (OX40/OX40L) induces the expansion and proliferation of T cells and decreases the immunosuppression of regulatory T (Treg) cells to enhance the immune response to the specific antigen. For the important role OX40 takes in the process of immunity, many clinical trials are focusing on OX40 to find out whether it may have active effects in clinical cancer treatment. The results of clinical trials are still not enough. So, we reviewed the OX40 and its ligand (OX40L) function in cancer, clinical trials with OX40/OX40L and the correlation between OX40/OX40L and other immune checkpoints to add more ideas to tumor feasible treatment.

Keywords: OX40/OX40L; cancer; immune checkpoints; immunotherapy.