Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer

Gastroenterology. 2020 Jan;158(2):368-388. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.047. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Abstract

Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has reduced the incidence of and mortality from CRC, chemoprevention strategies have the potential to further reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Chemoprevention agents might be used for average-risk as well as high-risk groups, and to prevent CRC recurrence after therapy. CRC chemoprevention agents that have been studied include aspirin, nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, agents that target metabolic pathways, and vitamins and minerals. We review the prospect of chemoprevention of CRC, results from preclinical and human studies, challenges, and future directions.

Keywords: Adenoma; Chemoprevention; Colorectal Cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use*
  • Anticarcinogenic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Approval
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Incidence
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology
  • United States Food and Drug Administration / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Vitamins / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Anticarcinogenic Agents
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Vitamins