Evaluation of mechanical properties of new elastomer material applicable for dental 3D printer

Qutaiba Alsandi; Masaomi Ikeda; Toru Nikaido; Yumi Tsuchida; Alireza Sadr; Nobuhiko Yui; Tetsuya Suzuki; Junji Tagami

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103390

Evaluation of mechanical properties of new elastomer material applicable for dental 3D printer

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2019 Dec:100:103390. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103390. Epub 2019 Aug 22.

Authors

Qutaiba Alsandi¹, Masaomi Ikeda², Toru Nikaido³, Yumi Tsuchida⁴, Alireza Sadr⁵, Nobuhiko Yui⁶, Tetsuya Suzuki⁴, Junji Tagami¹

Affiliations

¹ Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan.
² Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: ikeda.csoe@tmd.ac.jp.
³ Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851, Hozumi, Mizuho-city, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan.
⁴ Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. Electronic address: arsadr@uw.edu.
⁶ Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.

PMID: 31563081
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103390

Abstract

Purpose: Digital technology has advanced and changed clinical dentistry. The utility of various thermoplastic materials for 3D dental printing has not been thoroughly explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate mechanical properties of a new thermoplastic elastomer material applicable for a dental 3D printer.

Material & method: Three thermoplastic elastomers: ABS, PLA and an acrylic block copolymer (KUR) and a dental self-curing resin (PMMA) were used in this study. Physical properties were evaluated by measuring water sorption (WS), dimensional accuracy (DA), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and shear bond strength (SBS) to PMMA. For WS and DA, specimens were measured by weight and length, respectively after desiccation and immersion in 37 °C distilled water for 1 day, 1 week and 1 month. For UTS, the specimens were prepared according to ISO 527-2-5A and loaded to test the UTS at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min after storage in 37 °C distilled water for 24 h and 1 month. For SBS, MMA self-curing resin was filled in a Teflon ring which was mounted onto polished specimens to make the adhesive area. The prepared specimens were tested for SBS after storage in 37 °C distilled water for 24 h and 37 °C distilled water for 24 h followed by 10000 times thermal cycling. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and t-test with Bonferroni correction at 95% confidence level.

Result: The WS value of PMMA was significantly higher than those of the other materials after 1 day (p < 0.05), while the WS values of KUR were significantly higher than those of the other materials after 1 week and 1 month (p < 0.05). The DA values were influenced by water storage periods except for KUR. There were no significant differences among ABS, PLA and PMMA in SBS before thermal cycling (p > 0.05). The SBS of KUR was the lowest among the materials before thermal cycling (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between PMMA and KUR after thermal cycling (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The acrylic block copolymer demonstrated acceptable physical properties, suggesting the potential to be a material to make provisional restorations for a dental 3D printer.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acrylates / chemistry
Composite Resins / chemistry
Dental Bonding
Dental Materials / chemistry*
Dental Restoration, Permanent / instrumentation*
Dental Restoration, Permanent / methods*
Elastomers / chemistry*
Materials Testing*
Polymers / chemistry
Polymethyl Methacrylate / chemistry
Printing, Three-Dimensional*
Resin Cements / chemistry
Shear Strength
Stress, Mechanical
Surface Properties
Temperature
Tensile Strength

Substances

Acrylates
Composite Resins
Dental Materials
Elastomers
Polymers
Resin Cements
poly(n-butyl acrylate)
Polymethyl Methacrylate