Ways of understanding nursing in psychiatric inpatient care - A phenomenographic study

J Nurs Manag. 2019 Nov;27(8):1826-1834. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12882. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Abstract

Aim: The aim was to describe the ways that nursing staff in psychiatric inpatient care understand nursing.

Background: Nursing in psychiatric care is marginalized with ambiguous role definitions and imperceptible activities. Nurse managers' capabilities to establish a direction and shared vision are crucial to motivate nursing staff to take part in practice development. However, before establishing a shared vision it is important to identify the different ways nursing can be understood.

Methods: Sixteen individual semi-structured interviews with nursing staff members were analysed using a phenomenographic approach.

Results: Five ways of understanding nursing were identified. These understandings were interrelated based on the way that the patient, nursing interventions and the goal of nursing were understood.

Conclusion: The diversity of identified understandings illuminates the challenges of creating a shared vision of roles, values and goals for nursing.

Implications for nursing management: Awareness of staff members' different understandings of nursing can help nurse managers to establish a shared vision. To be useful, a shared vision has to be implemented together with clear role definitions, professional autonomy of nurses and support for professional development. Implementation of such measures serves as a foundation to make nursing visible and thereby enhance the quality of patient care.

Keywords: nursing; nursing management; phenomenography; psychiatric inpatient care; shared vision.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Female
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Interviews as Topic / methods
  • Learning
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nursing Staff, Hospital / psychology*
  • Psychiatric Nursing / methods*
  • Psychiatric Nursing / trends
  • Qualitative Research