Using machine learning to estimate survival curves for patients receiving an increased risk for disease transmission heart, liver, or lung versus waiting for a standard organ

Transpl Infect Dis. 2019 Dec;21(6):e13181. doi: 10.1111/tid.13181. Epub 2019 Oct 9.

Abstract

Introduction: Over 19% of deceased organ donors are labeled increased risk for disease transmission (IRD) for viral blood-borne disease transmission. Many potential organ recipients need to decide between accepting an IRD organ offer and waiting for a non-IRD organ.

Methods: Using machine learning and simulation, we built transplant and waitlist survival models and compared the survival for patients accepting IRD organ offers or waiting for non-IRD organs for the heart, liver, and lung. The simulation consisted of generating 20 000 different scenarios of a recipient either receiving an IRD organ or waiting and receiving a non-IRD organ.

Results: In the simulations, the 5-year survival probabilities of heart, liver, and lung recipients who accepted IRD organ offers increased on average by 10.2%, 12.7%, and 7.2%, respectively, compared with receiving a non-IRD organ after average wait times (190, 228, and 223 days, respectively). When the estimated waitlist time was at least 5 days for the liver, and 1 day for the heart and lung, 50% or more of the simulations resulted in a higher chance of 5-year survival when the patient received an IRD organ versus when the patient remained on the waitlist. We also developed a simple equation to estimate the benefits, in terms of 5-year survival probabilities, of receiving an IRD organ versus waiting for a non-IRD organ, for a particular set of recipient/donor characteristics.

Conclusion: For all three organs, the majority of patients are predicted to have higher 5-year survival accepting an IRD organ offer compared with waiting for a non-IRD organ.

Keywords: Cox proportional hazards model; HBV transmission; HCV transmission; HIV transmission; heart transplantation; increased risk for disease transmission donor; liver transplantation; lung transplantation; survival analysis.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Allografts / virology*
  • Computer Simulation
  • Donor Selection / methods
  • Donor Selection / statistics & numerical data
  • Heart Diseases / mortality
  • Heart Diseases / surgery
  • Humans
  • Liver Diseases / mortality
  • Liver Diseases / surgery
  • Lung Diseases / mortality
  • Lung Diseases / surgery
  • Machine Learning
  • Models, Statistical*
  • Organ Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Risk Assessment / methods
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Analysis*
  • Time Factors
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Virus Diseases / mortality
  • Virus Diseases / transmission*
  • Waiting Lists / mortality