Intraocular vascular diseases like neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular oedema and retinal vein occlusion are associated with decline in vision if left untreated. Anti-vascular endothelia growth factor (VEGF) agents originally developed for cancer treatment were the beginning of a new treatment regime for intraocular vascular diseases. Ambiguous results exist regarding adverse effects but are considered limited. In the future, anti-VEGF agents are likely to be used for treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, neovascular glaucoma and premature retinopathy.