A 2D transition metal carbide MXene-based SPR biosensor for ultrasensitive carcinoembryonic antigen detection

Qiong Wu; Ningbo Li; Ying Wang; Ying Liu; Yanchao Xu; Shuting Wei; Jiandong Wu; Guangri Jia; Xuedong Fang; Fangfang Chen; Xiaoqiang Cui

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2019.111697

A 2D transition metal carbide MXene-based SPR biosensor for ultrasensitive carcinoembryonic antigen detection

Biosens Bioelectron. 2019 Nov 1:144:111697. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111697. Epub 2019 Sep 10.

Authors

Qiong Wu¹, Ningbo Li², Ying Wang², Ying Liu², Yanchao Xu², Shuting Wei², Jiandong Wu², Guangri Jia², Xuedong Fang³, Fangfang Chen³, Xiaoqiang Cui⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China; Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
² School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
³ Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
⁴ School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China. Electronic address: xqcui@jlu.edu.cn.

PMID: 31536930
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111697

Abstract

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has become a leading technique for in situ bioaffinity assay of diverse targets without need of fluorescent or enzymatic labeling. Nanomaterials-enhanced SPR sensors have developed rapidly and widened the application scope of SPR sensing technology. In this report we describe an ultrasensitive SPR biosensor for detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Our SPR biosensor utilizes a Ti₃C₂-MXene-based sensing platform and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs)-polydopamine (PDA)-Ag nanoparticle (AgNPs) signal enhancer. Ti₃C₂-MXene, a new class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, offers a large hydrophilic-biocompatible surface ideal for SPR biosensing. Ti₃C₂-MXene/AuNPs composites after synthesis are then decorated with staphylococcal protein A (SPA) to orient and immobilize monoclonal anti-CEA antibody (Ab₁) through its Fc region. By introducing MWCNTs-PDA-AgNPs-polyclonal anti-CEA antibody (MWPAg-Ab₂) conjugate combined with a sandwich format, the present method provides a dynamic range for CEA determination of 2×10^-16 to 2×10^-8 M and a detection limit of 0.07 fM. This biosensing approach demonstrates good reproducibility and high specificity for CEA in real serum samples providing a promising method to evaluate CEA in human serum for early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer.

Keywords: 2D materials; Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA); Immunoassay; MXene; Surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

MeSH terms

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / chemistry
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / immunology
Biosensing Techniques*
Carcinoembryonic Antigen / chemistry
Carcinoembryonic Antigen / isolation & purification*
Gold / chemistry
Humans
Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
Nanostructures / chemistry
Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry
Silver / chemistry
Surface Plasmon Resonance*
Transition Elements / chemistry

Substances

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Nanotubes, Carbon
Transition Elements
Silver
Gold