Psychopathy traits and reinforcement sensitivity theory: Prepulse inhibition and ERP responses

Biol Psychol. 2019 Nov:148:107771. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107771. Epub 2019 Sep 14.

Abstract

This study examined the associations between Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST-PQ, Corr & Cooper, 2016) and psychopathy traits (LSRPS, Levenson et al., 1995) in university students. The aim was to identify psychopathy and RST traits associated with prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle and ERP responses by using two prepulse-stimulus intensities (70 and 85 dB) combined with a 105 dB startle pulse (200 ms prepulse-plus-pulse interval). The higher intensity prepulse produced a larger PPI, although both prepulse stimuli reliably activated the startle system. Higher Primary Psychopathy was associated with a higher Defensive-Fight trait and both measures were associated with larger PPI. A principal components factor analysis disclosed an N1-startle factor that was a significant predictor of both reward reactivity and Goal-Drive Persistence scores. Results appear in line with Newman's response modulation hypothesis emphasizing the engagement of attention and recognition of stimulus salience, which may be disrupted in psychopathy.

Keywords: Attention; ERP; Personality; Prepulse inhibition; Prepulse-elicited reaction; Startle.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation / methods
  • Adult
  • Attention
  • Evoked Potentials / physiology*
  • Female
  • Goals
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Personality / physiology*
  • Prepulse Inhibition / physiology*
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • Psychological Theory*
  • Reflex, Startle / physiology
  • Reinforcement, Psychology*
  • Reward
  • Students / psychology
  • Young Adult