Multi-response optimization of transesterification parameters of mahogany seed oil using grey relational analysis in Taguchi method for quenching application

R M Dodo; T Ause; E T Dauda; U Shehu; A P I Popoola

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02167

Multi-response optimization of transesterification parameters of mahogany seed oil using grey relational analysis in Taguchi method for quenching application

Heliyon. 2019 Aug 29;5(8):e02167. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02167. eCollection 2019 Aug.

Authors

R M Dodo¹, T Ause¹, E T Dauda¹, U Shehu¹, A P I Popoola²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
² Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.

Abstract

This study investigates the possibility of multi-objective optimization in the transesterification of mahogany seed oil (MSO). The Taguchi method together with Grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to maximize both percent fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield and heat transfer coefficient (HTC). It was found that methanol to oil molar ratio was the factor that contributed the most in obtaining high percent FAME (ester) yield and HTC. Employing the following conditions: 32.6 wt% methanol (9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio), 0.5 wt% catalyst, 60 °C temperature and 300 rpm agitation was found to offer an improved percent ester yield and HTC. A confirmatory test resulted in an ester yield of 90.1 % and HTC up to 153.0 W/m²K. The structure of the optimized transesterified mahogany seed oil (TM) was confirmed by FTIR analysis. In the event of comparison, TM, raw mahogany seed oil (FM) and SAE40 were analyzed by cooling curve analyses. TM identified to have superior quenching performance.

Keywords: Catalyst; Chemical engineering; Ester yield; Grey relational analysis; Heat transfer coefficient; Industrial engineering; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Metallurgical engineering; Methanol; Petroleum engineering; Stirring; Taguchi; Temperature.