Lipolysis and Fat Oxidation Are Not Altered with Presleep Compared with Daytime Casein Protein Intake in Resistance-Trained Women

Brittany R Allman; Margaret C Morrissey; Jeong-Su Kim; Lynn B Panton; Robert J Contreras; Robert C Hickner; Michael J Ormsbee

doi:10.1093/jn/nxz186

Lipolysis and Fat Oxidation Are Not Altered with Presleep Compared with Daytime Casein Protein Intake in Resistance-Trained Women

J Nutr. 2020 Jan 1;150(1):47-54. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz186.

Authors

Brittany R Allman¹, Margaret C Morrissey², Jeong-Su Kim^{1

3}, Lynn B Panton^{1

3}, Robert J Contreras⁴, Robert C Hickner^{1

3

5}, Michael J Ormsbee^{1

3

5}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
² Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
³ Institute of Successful Longevity, Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
⁴ Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
⁵ Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise, and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

PMID: 31504693
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz186

Abstract

Background: To date, no studies have directly compared the differences between presleep and daytime protein (PRO) consumption on localized and systemic fat metabolism in active women.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of presleep compared with daytime PRO supplementation on subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAAT) lipolysis and whole-body substrate utilization in women.

Methods: Thirteen young (mean ± SE age: 22 ± 1 y; BMI: 24.3 ± 0.8 kg/m2), resistance-trained [1 repetition maximum (1RM) squat percentage of body weight: 135% ± 6%; 1RM bench press percentage of body weight: 82% ± 4%] women volunteered. On overnight experimental visits, participants performed full-body resistance exercise (RE; 65% 1RM) and were randomly assigned to consume either daytime PRO (PRO, 30 g casein) 30 min post-RE and presleep (30 min before bed) noncaloric, sensory-matched placebo (PLA, 0 g casein) (PRO-PLA), or the opposite (PLA-PRO), switching the order of the supplements on the following visit. SCAAT lipolysis, resting metabolism (indirect calorimetry), and plasma biomarkers (glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol) were measured at baseline, overnight, and the next morning.

Results: There were no differences in overnight SCAAT lipolysis between conditions indicated by interstitial glycerol concentrations (PRO-PLA: baseline, 669 ± 137; next morning, 321 ± 77.1; PLA-PRO: baseline, 524 ± 109; next morning, 333 ± 68.0 μM), fat oxidation (PRO-PLA: baseline, 5.70 ± 0.35; next morning, 5.00 ± 0.28; PLA-PRO: baseline, 6.59 ± 0.32; next morning, 5.44 ± 0.27 g/min), or any other measure.

Conclusions: There was no difference between the effects of daytime and presleep PRO supplementation on SCAAT lipolysis or whole-body substrate utilization in resistance-trained women. Presleep PRO is a viable option for increasing PRO consumption in resistance-trained women because it does not blunt overnight lipolysis, and will therefore likely not lead to increases in subcutaneous abdominal fat.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03573687.

Keywords: fat oxidation; lipolysis; presleep eating; protein timing; women.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Caseins / administration & dosage*
Caseins / metabolism
Chronobiology Phenomena / drug effects*
Chronobiology Phenomena / physiology
Cross-Over Studies
Dietary Proteins
Double-Blind Method
Energy Metabolism
Female
Humans
Lipid Metabolism / drug effects*
Lipolysis*
Oxidation-Reduction
Resistance Training*
Sleep*
Young Adult

Substances

Caseins
Dietary Proteins

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03573687