Recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraces and vaping in an 18-year-old man: a case report and review of the literature

J Med Case Rep. 2019 Sep 9;13(1):283. doi: 10.1186/s13256-019-2215-4.

Abstract

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a common disorder occurring in young adults without underlying lung disease. Although tobacco smoking is a well-documented risk factor for spontaneous pneumothorax, an association between electronic cigarette use (that is, vaping) and spontaneous pneumothorax has not been noted. We report a case of spontaneous pneumothoraces correlated with vaping.

Case presentation: An 18-year-old Caucasian man presented twice with recurrent right-sided spontaneous pneumothoraces within 2 weeks. He reported a history of vaping just prior to both episodes. Diagnostic testing was notable for a right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax on chest X-ray and computed tomography scan. His symptoms improved following insertion of a chest tube and drainage of air on each occasion. In the 2-week follow-up visit for the recurrent episode, he was asymptomatic and reported that he was no longer using electronic cigarettes.

Conclusions: Providers and patients should be aware of the potential risk of spontaneous pneumothorax associated with electronic cigarettes.

Keywords: Electronic cigarettes; Primary spontaneous pneumothorax; Pulmonary disease; Vaping.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Chest Tubes
  • Drainage
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pneumothorax / etiology*
  • Pneumothorax / therapy
  • Recurrence
  • Vaping / adverse effects*