IAOx induces the SUR phenotype and differential signalling from IAA under different types of nitrogen nutrition in Medicago truncatula roots

Plant Sci. 2019 Oct:287:110176. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110176. Epub 2019 Jun 25.

Abstract

Indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) is a particularly relevant molecule as an intermediate in the pathway for tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis. The role of IAOx in growth-signalling and root phenotype is poorly studied in cruciferous plants and mostly unknown in non-cruciferous plants. We synthesized IAOx and applied it to M. truncatula plants grown axenically with NO3-, NH4+ or urea as the sole nitrogen source. During 14 days of growth, we demonstrated that IAOx induced an increase in the number of lateral roots, especially under NH4+ nutrition, while elongation of the main root was inhibited. This phenotype is similar to the phenotype known as "superroot" previously described in SUR1- and SUR2-defective Arabidopsis mutants. The effect of IAOx, IAA or the combination of both on the root phenotype was different and dependent on the type of N-nutrition. Our results also showed the endogenous importance of IAOx in a legume plant in relation to IAA metabolism, and suggested IAOx long-distance transport depending on the nitrogen source provided. Finally, our results point out to CYP71A as the major responsible enzymes for IAA synthesis from IAOx, while they exclude indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidases.

Keywords: Ammonium; Auxin; CYP71A; Indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase; Indole-3-acetaldoxime; Nitrate; Oximes; Phenotype; Root; Superroot; Urea.

MeSH terms

  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Indoleacetic Acids / metabolism*
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Medicago truncatula / drug effects
  • Medicago truncatula / growth & development
  • Medicago truncatula / metabolism*
  • Nitrogen / metabolism*
  • Oximes / pharmacology*
  • Phenotype
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism*
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / growth & development
  • Plant Roots / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects
  • Transcriptome

Substances

  • Indoleacetic Acids
  • Indoles
  • Oximes
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • indole-3-acetaldoxime
  • indoleacetic acid
  • Nitrogen