Multiple platelet-rich plasma preparations can solubilize freeze-dried chitosan formulations to form injectable implants for orthopedic indications

Biomed Mater Eng. 2019;30(4):349-364. doi: 10.3233/BME-191058.

Abstract

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used to solubilize freeze-dried chitosan (CS) formulations to form injectable implants for tissue repair.

Objective: To determine whether the in vitro performance of the formulations depends on the type of PRP preparation used to solubilize CS.

Methods: Formulations containing 1% (w/v) CS with varying degrees of deacetylation (DDA 80.5-84.8%) and number average molar mass (Mn 32-55 kDa), 1% (w/v) trehalose and 42.2 mM calcium chloride were freeze-dried. Seven different PRP preparations were used to solubilize the formulations. Controls were recalcified PRP.

Results: CS solubilization was achieved with all PRP preparations. CS-PRP formulations were less runny than their corresponding PRP controls. All CS-PRP formulations had a clotting time below 9 minutes, assessed by thromboelastography, while the leukocyte-rich PRP controls took longer to coagulate (>32 min), and the leukocyte-reduced PRP controls did not coagulate in this dynamic assay. In glass culture tubes, all PRP controls clotted, expressed serum and retracted (43-82% clot mass lost) significantly more than CS-PRP clots (no mass lost). CS dispersion was homogenous within CS-PRP clots.

Conclusions: In vitro performance of the CS-PRP formulations was comparable for all types of PRPs assessed.

Keywords: Chitosan; injectable implants; platelet-rich plasma.

MeSH terms

  • Biocompatible Materials / administration & dosage
  • Biocompatible Materials / chemistry*
  • Blood Coagulation
  • Chitosan / administration & dosage
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Freeze Drying
  • Humans
  • Injections
  • Male
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma / chemistry*
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Solubility
  • Wound Healing

Substances

  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Chitosan