Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of novel strontium based mixed phase structures for supercapattery devices

Muhammad Zahir Iqbal; Abbas Khan; Arshid Numan; Syed Shabhi Haider; Javed Iqbal

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104736

Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of novel strontium based mixed phase structures for supercapattery devices

Ultrason Sonochem. 2019 Dec:59:104736. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104736. Epub 2019 Aug 23.

Authors

Muhammad Zahir Iqbal¹, Abbas Khan², Arshid Numan³, Syed Shabhi Haider², Javed Iqbal⁴

Affiliations

¹ Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Electronic address: zahir.upc@gmail.com.
² Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
³ State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, SIST, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China; Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁴ Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

PMID: 31473424
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104736

Abstract

An upsurge in sustainable energy demands has ultimately made supercapattery one of the important choice for energy storage, owing to highly advantageous energy density and long life span. In this work, novel strontium based mixed phased nanostructures were synthesized by using probe sonicator with sonication power 500 W at frequency of 20 kHz. The synthesized material was subsequently calcined at different temperature ranging from 200 to 800 °C. Structural and morphological analysis of the synthesized materials reveals the formation of mixed particle and rod like nanostructures with multiple crystal phases of strontium oxides and carbonates. Crystallinity, grain size and morphology of grown nanomaterials significantly improved with the increase of calcination temperature due to sufficient particle growth and low agglomeration. The electrochemical performance analysis confirms the redox activeness of the Sr-based electrode materials. Material calcined at 600 °C show high specific capacitance of 350 F g^-1 and specific capacity of 175 C g^-1 at current density of 0.3 A g^-1 due to less particle agglomeration, good charge transfer and more contribution of electrochemical active sites for redox reactions. In addition, the developed supercapattery of Sr-based nanomaterials//activated carbon demonstrated high performance with maximum energy density of 21.8 Wh kg^-1 and an excellent power density of 2400 W kg^-1 for the lower and higher current densities. Furthermore, the supercapattery retain 87% of its capacity after continuous 3000 charge/discharge cycles. The device characteristics were further investigated by analyzing the capacitive and diffusion controlled contributions. The versatile strategy of developing mixed phased nanomaterials pave the way to synthesize other transition metal based nanomaterials with superior electrochemical performance for hybrid energy storage devices.

Keywords: Electrode materials; Energy density; Sonochemical synthesis; Strontium based nanomaterials; Supercapattery.