Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder characterised by a wide spectrum of glandular and extra-glandular features. Novel insights into disease pathogenesis and the discovery of novel biomarkers are allowing us to characterise the disease not only phenotypically on the basis of clinical presentation, but also on the basis of the endotype. Ultimately, a better stratification of patients may pave new avenues for novel targeted therapies, opening new possibilities for the application of personalised medicine in pSS.