Construction of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Inorganic Hole-Extracting Components

Esmaiel Nouri; Mohammad Reza Mohammadi; Panagiotis Lianos

doi:10.1021/acsomega.7b01775

Construction of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Inorganic Hole-Extracting Components

ACS Omega. 2018 Jan 4;3(1):46-54. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01775. eCollection 2018 Jan 31.

Authors

Esmaiel Nouri¹, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi¹, Panagiotis Lianos²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Street, 11369 Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.

Abstract

A NiO _x -graphene oxide (NiO _x -GO) hybrid has been prepared by a simple solution-processed method and was used as hole-extraction material in perovskite solar cells with either gold or carbon as back contact electrode. The impact of GO content on the optoelectronic behavior of NiO _x and the photovoltaic performance of the fabricated devices has been studied. Thus, GO incorporation showed a significant improvement in the performance of NiO _x -based devices. The best attained efficiency was 13.3%, and it was 45% higher than that with pure NiO _x . This is attributed to a significant improvement in the hole extraction, recombination resistance, and energy-level matching in comparison to pure NiO _x . In addition, NiO _x -GO/Au-based perovskite solar cell devices showed a negligible hysteresis effect and high reliability and repeatability. When carbon was used as back contact electrode, the obtained efficiencies were lower, but it leaves space for improvement. Devices based on inorganic hole transporters NiO _x or NiO _x -GO demonstrated higher stability in ambient air compared to a standard cell based on spiro-OMeTAD.