Z-isomerization of retinoids through combination of monochromatic photoisomerization and metal catalysis

Org Biomol Chem. 2019 Sep 21;17(35):8125-8139. doi: 10.1039/c9ob01645g. Epub 2019 Aug 28.

Abstract

Catalytic Z-isomerization of retinoids to their thermodynamically less stable Z-isomer remains a challenge. In this report, we present a photochemical approach for the catalytic Z-isomerization of retinoids using monochromatic wavelength UV irradiation treatment. We have developed a straightforward approach for the synthesis of Z-retinoids in high yield, overcoming common obstacles normally associated with their synthesis. Calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) have allowed us to correlate the experimentally observed Z-isomer distribution of retinoids with the energies of chemically important intermediates, which include ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces. We also demonstrate the application of the current method by synthesizing gram-scale quantities of 9-cis-retinyl acetate 9Z-a. Operational simplicity and gram-scale ability make this chemistry a very practical solution to the problem of Z-isomer retinoid synthesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Coordination Complexes / chemistry*
  • Density Functional Theory
  • Iridium / chemistry*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Photochemical Processes
  • Retinoids / chemistry*
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Ultraviolet Rays

Substances

  • Coordination Complexes
  • Retinoids
  • Iridium