Inhibition and assessment of the biophysical gating properties of GluA2 and GluA2/A3 AMPA receptors using curcumin derivatives

PLoS One. 2019 Aug 27;14(8):e0221132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221132. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

The development of efficacious and safe drugs for the treatment of neurological diseases related to glutamate toxicity has been a focus in neuropharmacological research. Specifically, discovering antagonists to modulate the activity and kinetics of AMPA receptors, which are the fastest ligand-gated ion channels involved in excitatory neurotransmission in response to glutamate. Thus, the current study investigated novel curcumin derivatives on the biophysical properties of AMPA receptors, specifically on the homomeric GluA2 and the heteromeric GluA2/A3 subunits and assessed for inhibitory actions. The biophysical parameter (i.e., desensitization, deactivation, and peak currents) were measured by using whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology with and without the administration of the derivatives onto HEK293 cells. CR-NN, CR-NNPh, CR-MeNH, and CR-NO of the tested derivatives showed inhibition on all AMPA receptors up to 6 folds. Moreover, the inhibitory derivatives also increased desensitization and deactivation, which further intensifies the compounds' neuroprotective effects. However, CR-PhCl, CR-PhF, and CR-PhBr did not show any significant changes on the peak current, deactivation or desensitization rates. By comparison to other discovered and widely used antagonist, the prepared curcumin derivatives are not selective to a specific AMPA subunit, instead implement its effect in the same way between all types of AMPA receptors. Additionally, the obtained results provide derivatives that not only noncompetitively inhibit AMPARs but also decrease its biophysical kinetics, specifically desensitization and deactivation rates. Hence, to potentially serve as a new AMPAR inhibitor with therapeutic potential, the current study provides compounds that are non-selective and non-competitive antagonist, which also effect the desensitization and deactivation rates of the receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biophysical Phenomena / drug effects
  • Curcumin / analogs & derivatives
  • Curcumin / chemistry
  • Curcumin / pharmacology*
  • Electrophysiology
  • Glutamic Acid / chemistry
  • Glutamic Acid / metabolism
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Nervous System Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Nervous System Diseases / metabolism
  • Nervous System Diseases / pathology
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Patch-Clamp Techniques
  • Receptors, AMPA / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, AMPA / chemistry*

Substances

  • Receptors, AMPA
  • Glutamic Acid
  • Curcumin
  • glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education, Grant number: ANNU-MoHE-1819-Sc009 (http://www.mohe.pna.ps/) to MQ. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.