Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and can affect several parts of the digestive system. There is a relationship between impaired mucosal barrier in the GIT of inflammatory bowel disease patients and the role of bacteria such as Mycobacterium avium in CD. Apart from different therapeutic approaches for treating CD, development of a vaccine is a novel modality. In the present article, most available therapeutic opportunities in the last decade, especially the possibility of vaccines against CD, are reviewed. According to the search, availability of a new generation of vaccines against CD is expected specially tolerogenic ex vivo-derived DC-based vaccines. Regarding different locations of the challenge and the variety of clinical manifests of CD and also the type of resident antigen-presenting cells and their traffic in different parts of GIT, the results of immunotherapy with DC-based vaccines may vary case by case.
Keywords: Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Vaccines.