In vivo approach on femur bone regeneration of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) with the use of hydroxyapatite from cuttlefish bone (Sepia spp.) as bone filler

Aminatun Aminatun; Fadhilah D E Handayani; Prihartini Widiyanti; Dwi Winarni; Siswanto Siswanto

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2019.809-816

In vivo approach on femur bone regeneration of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) with the use of hydroxyapatite from cuttlefish bone (Sepia spp.) as bone filler

Vet World. 2019 Jun;12(6):809-816. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.809-816. Epub 2019 Jun 14.

Authors

Aminatun Aminatun¹, Fadhilah D E Handayani², Prihartini Widiyanti², Dwi Winarni³, Siswanto Siswanto¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia.
² Program Study of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surbaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia.
³ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: Hydroxyapatite (HA) from bovine bone has been widely used as bone filler in many fractures cases. HA can also be made from cuttlefish bone (Sepia spp.) that has abundant availability in Indonesia and contains 84% CaCO₃, which is a basic ingredient of HA. However, research on the effects of HA from cuttlefish bone on bone regeneration parameters has not been done yet.

Aim: This study aimed to determine femur bone regeneration of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) through the use of HA from cuttlefish bone (Sepia spp.) as bone filler.

Materials and methods: HA was made using the hydrothermal method by mixing 1M aragonite (CaCO₃) from cuttlefish bone and 0.6 M NH₄H₂PO₄ at 200°C for 12 h followed by sintering at 900°C for 1 h. In vivo test was carried out in three groups, including control group, bovine bone-derived HA group, and cuttlefish bone-derived HA group. The generation of femur bone was observed through the number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, woven bone, lamellar bone, havers system, and repair bone through anatomical pathology test for 28 days and 56 days.

Results: Anatomical pathology test results are showed that administration of bovine bone-derived HA and cuttlefish bone-derived HA increased the number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, woven bone, lamellar bone, havers system, and bone repair at recuperation of 56 days. Statistical test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test was resulted in significant differences between the bovine bone-derived HA control group and the cuttlefish-derived HA control group. There was no significant difference toward the indication of bone formation through the growth of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, woven bone, lamellar bone, havers system, and bone repair in the bovine bone-derived HA and cuttlefish bone-derived HA groups.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that cuttlefish bone-derived HA has the potential as bone filler based on the characteristics of bone regeneration through in vivo test.

Keywords: anatomical pathology; bone filler; cuttlefish bone (Sepia spp.); hydrothermal; hydroxyapatite.