Atmospheric fronts as minor cardiovascular risk factors, a new approach to preventive cardiology

J Cardiol. 2020 Feb;75(2):196-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.07.009. Epub 2019 Aug 19.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally and represent 31% of all global deaths. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of front effects on acute cardiovascular diseases (ACVDs).

Methods: We obtained all ACVD admissions in a Central-European region, Hungary, Budapest. A time-series analysis was applied to 6499 morbidity cases during a five-year period (2009-2013). Poisson-regression model was used and adjusted for air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind velocity, their interactions and seasonality to assess the association of fronts and ACVDs.

Results: There is a positive significant association between ACVDs and a cold front effect lagged by one day (p=0.018) with a relative risk (RR) of 1.095 [95% CI (1.021,1.181)]. Our findings show that among patient subgroups with major cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, history of CVDs) the patterns are similar, but occluded fronts also have a significant effect.

Conclusion: Atmospheric fronts could play an important role in the pathogenesis of ACVDs. Our findings might help to provide a better understanding about fronts as minor cardiovascular risk factors and to organize medical prevention more effectively. Our research project may become a basis of a new field of preventive cardiovascular medicine in the future.

Keywords: Acute cardiovascular diseases; Atmospheric front; Prevention; Risk factor.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Atmospheric Pressure*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Cities
  • Female
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Hungary / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Weather*