Novel Strategies for Targeting Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a worldwide issue, with a rapid increase in its occurrence and mortality. Over the years, various strategies have been implemented to overcome the hurdles that exist in the treatment of PCa. Consistently, there is a change in opinion about the methodologies in clinical trial that have engrossed towards the treatment of PCa. Currently, there is a need to resolve these newly recognized challenges by developing newer rational targeting systems. The ongoing clinical protocol for the therapy using different targeting systems is undertaken followed by local targeting to cancer site. A number of new drug targeting systems like liposomes, nanoemulsions, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles, drug-peptide conjugate systems, drug-antibody conjugate systems, epigenetic and gene therapy approaches, and therapeutic aptamers are being developed to suit this protocol. Recent advancements in the treatment of PCa with various nanocarriers have been reported with respect to newly identified biological barriers and intended to solve the contexts. This review encompasses the input of nanotechnology in particular targeting of PCa which might escape the lifethreatening side effects and potentially contribute to bring fruitful clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Prostate cancer (PCa); drug-antibody conjugate systems; drug-peptide conjugate systems; magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs); nanocarrier systems; nanoemulsion systems; therapeutic apatamers..