Distribution and ecotoxicological effects of polyhalogenated carbazoles in sediments from Jiaozhou Bay wetland

Mar Pollut Bull. 2019 Sep:146:393-398. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.078. Epub 2019 Jul 9.

Abstract

A suite of eight polyhalogenated carbazole (PHCZ) congeners were detected in sediments of the Jiaozhou Bay wetland. 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (36-CCZ), and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (36-BCZ) were detected in all samples. The concentrations of ΣPHCZs ranged from 6.9 to 33.4 ng/g dry weight (dw). The recovery of surrogate standard ranged from 85 to 109%. Significant relationships were found between the concentrations of 36-CCZ and those of the other three detected compounds (36-BCZ, 36-ICZ, and 1368-BCZ). However, with regard to the other chemicals, only 1368-BCZ was related to 36-ICZ. The toxic equivalent (TEQ) was used to assess the relative toxicity of PHCZs, which ranged within 0.1-3.9 pg TEQ/g dw in sediment. The inventory of ΣPHCZs was 58.9 kg. These results indicate that PHCZs are widely distributed in the Jiaozhou wetland and the dyeing and finishing industries may be important contamination sources of PHCZs.

Keywords: Ecotoxicological effects; Jiaozhou Bay wetland; Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs); Sediment.

MeSH terms

  • Bays / analysis
  • Carbazoles / analysis*
  • Carbazoles / chemistry
  • Carbazoles / toxicity*
  • China
  • Ecotoxicology / methods
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods
  • Geologic Sediments / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*
  • Wetlands

Substances

  • Carbazoles
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical