Exposing Small-Molecule Nanoentities by a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Assay

J Med Chem. 2019 Sep 12;62(17):7885-7896. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00653. Epub 2019 Sep 3.

Abstract

Small molecules can self-assemble in aqueous solution into a wide range of nanoentity types and sizes (dimers, n-mers, micelles, colloids, etc.), each having their own unique properties. This has important consequences in the context of drug discovery including issues related to nonspecific binding, off-target effects, and false positives and negatives. Here, we demonstrate the use of the spin-spin relaxation Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill NMR experiment, which is sensitive to molecular tumbling rates and can expose larger aggregate species that have slower rotational correlations. The strategy easily distinguishes lone-tumbling molecules versus nanoentities of various sizes. The technique is highly sensitive to chemical exchange between single-molecule and aggregate states and can therefore be used as a reporter when direct measurement of aggregates is not possible by NMR. Interestingly, we found differences in solution behavior for compounds within structurally related series, demonstrating structure-nanoentity relationships. This practical experiment is a valuable tool to support drug discovery efforts.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Structure
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemical synthesis
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry*

Substances

  • Small Molecule Libraries