A Multidisciplinary Proposal for a Diagnostic Algorithm in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The Role of Transbronchial Cryobiopsy

Abstract

The diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex process that requires the multidisciplinary integration of clinical, radiological, and histological variables. Due to its diagnostic yield, surgical lung biopsy has been the recommended procedure for obtaining samples of lung parenchyma, when required. However, given the morbidity and mortality of this technique, alternative techniques which carry a lower risk have been explored. The most important of these is transbronchial cryobiopsy -transbronchial biopsy with a cryoprobe- which is useful for obtaining lung tissue with less comorbidity. Yield may be lower than surgical biopsy, but it is higher than with transbronchial biopsy with standard forceps. This option has been discussed in the recent clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of IPF, but the authors do not go so far as recommend it. The aim of this article, the result of a multidisciplinary discussion forum, is to review current evidence and make proposals for the use of transbronchial cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of IPF.

Keywords: Biopsia pulmonar quirúrgica; Criobiopsia transbronquial; Diagnosis; Diagnóstico; Diffuse interstitial lung disease; Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa; Fibrosis pulmonar idiopática; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Surgical lung biopsy; Transbronchial cryobiopsy.