Pediatric epilepsy presents with various diagnostic challenges. Recent advances in neuroimaging play an important role in the diagnosis, management and in guiding the treatment of pediatric epilepsy. Structural neuroimaging techniques such as CT and MRI can identify underlying structural abnormalities associated with epileptic focus. Functional neuroimaging provides further information and may show abnormalities even in cases where MRI was normal, thus further helping in the localization of the epileptogenic foci and guiding the possible surgical management of intractable/refractory epilepsy when indicated. A multi-modal imaging approach helps in the diagnosis of refractory epilepsy. In this review, we will discuss various imaging techniques, as well as aspects of structural and functional neuroimaging and their application in the management of pediatric epilepsy.
Keywords: extra-temporal lobe epilepsy; neuroimaging; pediatric epilepsy; refractory epilepsy; temporal lobe epilepsy.