Incidence and Mortality of Sarcomas in Shanghai, China, During 2002-2014

Bao Pingping; Zhou Yuhong; Lu Weiqi; Wu Chunxiao; Wang Chunfang; Sun Yuanjue; Zhang Chenping; Xiao Jianru; Lu Jiade; Kong Lin; Cai Zhengdong; Zhang Weibin; Fu Chen; Yao Yang

doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00662

Incidence and Mortality of Sarcomas in Shanghai, China, During 2002-2014

Front Oncol. 2019 Jul 17:9:662. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00662. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Bao Pingping¹, Zhou Yuhong², Lu Weiqi³, Wu Chunxiao¹, Wang Chunfang¹, Sun Yuanjue⁴, Zhang Chenping⁵, Xiao Jianru⁶, Lu Jiade⁷, Kong Lin⁷, Cai Zhengdong⁸, Zhang Weibin⁹, Fu Chen¹⁰, Yao Yang¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Department of Medical Oncology, Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁶ Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China.
⁷ Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁸ Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁹ Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
¹⁰ Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China.
¹¹ Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Background: Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare but deadly malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to comprehensively describe the incidence and mortality of sarcomas in Shanghai during 2002-2014. Method: Data were from Shanghai Cancer Registry. All new cases diagnosed with sarcomas and all death records where the cause of death listed as sarcomas were included. The characteristics of sarcomas incidence and mortality were analyzed. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were adjusted by the world standard population. The trends were assessed by Joinpoint analysis. Results: A total of 9,440 incident cases were identified. The ASR was 3.4/10⁵ for all sarcomas combined. Incidence of sarcomas overall was similar in females (3.5/10⁵) as in males (3.4/10⁵). Except for sarcomas "Not Otherwise Specified" (NOS), the most common histological subtype was gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma (GISS) (14.8%), which was followed by fibrosarcoma (7.2%), lipoblastoma (6.7%), leiomyosarcomas (6.5%), and osteosarcoma (5.3%). Among those incident cases, 87.9% were located in soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and 12.1% in bone and joint (bone sarcomas). The ASRs for STS and bone sarcomas were 2.8/10⁵ and 0.6/10⁵, respectively. Incidence rates for all STS combined rose exponentially with age, while bone sarcomas had the highest incidence at age 0-19. There were 4,279 deaths during 2002-2014 with the ASR of 1.3/10⁵. Age-adjusted mortality due to sarcomas was slightly higher in males (1.5/10⁵) than females (1.2/10⁵). Except for sarcomas NOS, leiomyosarcomas was the most common subtype, comprising 9.9% of deaths due to sarcomas, followed by lipoblastoma (6.4%) and osteosarcoma (6.3%). The ASRs of mortality for STS and bone sarcomas were 1.0/10⁵ and 0.2/10⁵, respectively. For both males and females, the age-standardized incidence for STS and bone sarcomas did not change meaningfully over the study period. In contrast, age-standardized STS mortality in females increased by 2.3% per year (95% CI: 0.3, 4.4%), but was unchanged in males. No meaningful trends in bone sarcomas mortality were observed for either males or females. Conclusion: This population-based study was the first report of epidemiology of sarcomas in Shanghai according to anatomic site and histologic type. The diversity and rarity of sarcomas suggested more detailed data are warranted.

Keywords: epidemiology; incidence; mortality; population-based cancer registry; sarcoma.