Risk factors for hemorrhage of brain arteriovenous malformation

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2019 Oct;25(10):1085-1095. doi: 10.1111/cns.13200. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Abstract

Patients with brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) are at risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Overall, bAVM accounts for 25% of hemorrhagic strokes in adults <50 years of age. The treatment of unruptured bAVMs has become controversial, because the natural history of these patients may be less morbid than invasive therapies. Available treatments include observation, surgical resection, endovascular embolization, stereotactic radiosurgery, or combination thereof. Knowing the risk factors for bAVM hemorrhage is crucial for selecting appropriate therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discussed several biological risk factors, which may contribute to bAVM hemorrhage.

Keywords: brain arteriovenous malformation; hemodynamic; intracranial hemorrhage; vascular endothelial growth factor; vascular integrity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Arteriovenous Fistula / diagnosis
  • Arteriovenous Fistula / metabolism*
  • Arteriovenous Fistula / therapy
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism*
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / pathology
  • Embolization, Therapeutic / methods
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / metabolism*
  • Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / therapy
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / metabolism*
  • Intracranial Hemorrhages / therapy
  • Radiosurgery / methods
  • Risk Factors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

Substances

  • VEGFA protein, human
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A