Racial Disparities in Medicaid Home and Community-Based Service Utilization among White, Black, and Hispanic Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: Implications of State Policy

J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2019 Dec;6(6):1200-1207. doi: 10.1007/s40615-019-00621-9. Epub 2019 Jul 29.

Abstract

Home- and community-based services (HCBS) provide support to individuals needing assistance with daily activities, like people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who often experience functional impairment. Research notes racial differences in HCBS utilization among people with MS, which may be attributed to state's relative amount of long-term service and support (LTSS) expenditures dedicated to HCBS (HCBS priority). As a first step in untangling this mechanism, we explored how HCBS priority may contribute to racial differences in service utilization. Using Medicaid claims data for a national cohort of dual eligibles with MS, we find state HCBS priority is associated with disparities in utilization-blacks and Hispanics receiving HCBS more often do so in low-priority states compared with whites. Findings indicate a need for additional research focusing on health equity to further examine effects on quality of life and health outcomes of individuals who would benefit from more generous HCBS policies, specifically determining whether minorities in low-HCBS states fare worse than those in high-priority states. Findings from the present study can help policymakers more effectively design HCBS programs for diverse individuals.

Keywords: Aging policy; Dual eligibles; Home- and community-based services; Racial/ethnic disparities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living
  • Aged
  • Black or African American
  • Community Health Services
  • Female
  • Health Expenditures / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Policy / economics
  • Healthcare Disparities / ethnology*
  • Hispanic or Latino
  • Home Care Services / economics
  • Home Care Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Long-Term Care / economics
  • Long-Term Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Medicaid / economics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Sclerosis / nursing*
  • State Government
  • United States
  • White People