Combined biofortification of carrot with iodine and selenium

Sylwester Smoleń; Rafal Baranski; Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń; Łukasz Skoczylas; Włodzimierz Sady

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125202

Combined biofortification of carrot with iodine and selenium

Food Chem. 2019 Dec 1:300:125202. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125202. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Authors

Sylwester Smoleń¹, Rafal Baranski², Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń³, Łukasz Skoczylas⁴, Włodzimierz Sady⁵

Affiliations

¹ Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: sylwester.smolen@urk.edu.pl.
² Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: rafal.baranski@urk.edu.pl.
³ Unit of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: iwona.ledwozyw-smolen@urk.edu.pl.
⁴ Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Mushroom Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: lukasz.skoczylas@urk.edu.pl.
⁵ Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland. Electronic address: wlodzimierz.sady@urk.edu.pl.

PMID: 31330374
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125202

Abstract

The aim of a three-year study was to assess the effect of combined biofortification with I and Se in carrot. Four cultivars ('Askona' F₁, 'Samba' F₁, 'Kazan' F₁ and 'White Satin') were grown in soil fertilized with KI (4 kg I ha^-1) and Na₂SeO₄ (0.25 kg Se ha^-1). The I + Se fertilization did not affect yield but the plants of all cultivars accumulated both elements in leaves and roots. On average, the I and Se contents in roots increased 7.7-times for I and 4.9-times for Se as well as the average I:Se molar ratio was 0.28:1. The contents of both elements in roots remained well below the hazard threshold thus the intake of 100 g of biofortified carrot would substantially cover the RDA for I and Se. The changes in chemical composition of roots (nitrates, phenolic compounds, sugars, carotenoids, macro-, microelements and cadmium) were rather year-dependent than affected by the applied I + Se fertilization.

Keywords: Daucus carota; Mineral nutrition; RDA iodine; RDA selenium; Target of biofortification; Transfer factor.

MeSH terms

Biofortification / methods*
Cadmium / analysis
Carotenoids / analysis
Daucus carota / chemistry*
Daucus carota / drug effects
Daucus carota / growth & development
Fertilizers
Food, Fortified / analysis
Iodine / analysis
Iodine / pharmacokinetics
Iodine / pharmacology*
Plant Roots / chemistry*
Poland
Selenium / analysis
Selenium / pharmacokinetics
Selenium / pharmacology*
Soil / chemistry

Substances

Fertilizers
Soil
Cadmium
Carotenoids
Iodine
Selenium