Hyaluronic acid behavior in oral administration and perspectives for nanotechnology-based formulations: A review

Alexandro B de Souza; Marco V Chaud; Maria Helena A Santana

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115001

Hyaluronic acid behavior in oral administration and perspectives for nanotechnology-based formulations: A review

Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Oct 15:222:115001. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115001. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

Authors

Alexandro B de Souza¹, Marco V Chaud², Maria Helena A Santana³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
² Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, University of Sorocaba, 18300-000, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
³ Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: lena@unicamp.br.

PMID: 31320101
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115001

Abstract

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a ubiquitous polysaccharide with diverse biological functions. Is known that in the intestinal epithelium, the exogenous HA of molar mass ≥10⁵ Da orally administered antagonizes TLR4 overexpression resulting from dysbiosis and promotes immunomodulation in multifactorial crosstalk, thus helping to treat or to prevent injuries. As macromolecules mediate cell signaling, the three-dimensional structure of HA plays a vital role in those functions. Introducing HA in terms of its molecular structure, its spatial architecture as dependent on pH, concentration and molar mass, occurrence, biological functions and turnover in the tissues, this review addresses the HA in the gastrointestinal system, the molecular dynamics of intestinal uptake and signaling, immunomodulation at intestinal and systemic levels and HA fate to other tissues. Finally, at the light of these behaviors, a nanotechnological approach is presented as progress in the field of the oral HA administration and discussed with perspectives for future developments.

Keywords: Dysbiosis; Homeostasis; Hyaluronic acid; Immunomodulation.

Publication types

Review