Background: Drug interaction is a term used to refer to unfavourable side effects caused by mixing or taking two or more drugs simultaneously. Although it is not possible to identify all drug interactions, awareness of therapeutic team of potential drug interactions, risk factors that enhance the possibility of these interactions and familiarity with mechanisms of drug interactions can help reduce real drug interactions.
Aim: The present research seeks to study the frequency and intensity of possible interactions among various age groups and their correlation with doctor's speciality, time of drug prescription, patient's gender, etc.
Material and method: This is observational, cross-sectional research conducted in spring and winter to study the prevalence of drug interactions among 6000 recipes belonging to 2 private and 2 public drug stores. The information associated with recipes was recorded, and drug interactions were studied based upon quick index of interactions using Up to Date software. Quick index of medical interactions is a response to data dealing with how drugs interact with one another. The risk factor is divided into groups A, B, C, D, and X according to this index with each one having its own definition. The data analysis was studied in terms of prevalence type of drug interactions and the possible correlation with other parameters. SPSS v.16 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The average age of the patients was 42.07 ± 21.56 years. The frequency of male patients was 41.7%. An average number of 4.82 ± 1.91 drugs were prescribed for each patient and an average number of 1.95 ± 2.40 drugs had interaction with one another with levels C, D, and X having the following drug interaction levels: 1.60 ± 2.05, 0.275 ± 0.69, and 0.072 ± 0.31. No such interactions were observed in 31.1% (1846 cases) of recipes. The presence of drug interaction was statistically significant in terms of age, season, drug store and speciality of doctor (P-value < 0.05). The average number of interactions in the recipes issued by psychologists, cardiologists, rheumatologist, neurologists, and general practitioners was more, and this result was statistically significant (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the results achieved in this research, we may conclude that the drug interactions in recipes exhibit a noticeable frequency with the highest frequency observed in level C influenced by factors such as age, season, class of drugs, and expertise of the doctor.
Keywords: Drug; Drug interaction; Quick index of intervention; Recipe.