Reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in two species of microchiroptera bats (Artibeus lituratus and Anoura caudifer)

Vet Ophthalmol. 2020 Jan;23(1):61-66. doi: 10.1111/vop.12690. Epub 2019 Jul 15.

Abstract

Objective: To establish reference values for ophthalmic tests in two bat species. BATS: Fourteen bats including seven great fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus) and seven tailed tailless bats (Anoura caudifer).

Procedures: Normal values for following ophthalmic tests were investigated as follows: (a) aqueous tear production using the standardized endodontic paper point tear test (EPPTT), (b) rebound tonometry, and (c) horizontal palpebral fissure length.

Results: Aqueous tear production was 2.53 ± 1.65 mm/min for A lituratus and 1.89 ± 0.62 for A caudifer. Intraocular pressure measured in the upright position was 11.0 ± 3.28 mm Hg for A lituratus and 7.28 ± 2.70 for A caudifer. Horizontal palpebral fissure length was 5.04 ± 0.45 mm for A lituratus and 3.92 ± 0.51 for A caudifer.

Conclusions: The data obtained in the present study may serve as a reference for ophthalmic parameters and help practitioners in the diagnosis and management of eye diseases in bats, as well for future investigations about microchiroptera bats.

Keywords: IOP; chiropteran; eye; lacrimal production; ophthalmic tests; palpebral.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chiroptera / anatomy & histology*
  • Chiroptera / physiology
  • Diagnostic Tests, Routine / methods
  • Diagnostic Tests, Routine / veterinary*
  • Eye / anatomy & histology*
  • Female
  • Intraocular Pressure / physiology*
  • Male
  • Ocular Physiological Phenomena*
  • Reference Values
  • Species Specificity
  • Tonometry, Ocular / methods
  • Tonometry, Ocular / veterinary*