Sleep deprivation and Modafinil affect cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic rhythms in healthy young adults

Abstract

Objective: It has been reported that sleep deprivation affects the neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning the vigilance. Here, we tested the following hypotheses in the PharmaCog project (www.pharmacog.org): (i) sleep deprivation may alter posterior cortical delta and alpha sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms in healthy young adults; (ii) after the sleep deprivation, a vigilance enhancer may recover those rsEEG source markers.

Methods: rsEEG data were recorded in 36 healthy young adults before (Pre-sleep deprivation) and after (Post-sleep deprivation) one night of sleep deprivation. In the Post-sleep deprivation, these data were collected after a single dose of PLACEBO or MODAFINIL. rsEEG cortical sources were estimated by eLORETA freeware.

Results: In the PLACEBO condition, the sleep deprivation induced an increase and a decrease in posterior delta (2-4 Hz) and alpha (8-13 Hz) source activities, respectively. In the MODAFINIL condition, the vigilance enhancer partially recovered those source activities.

Conclusions: The present results suggest that posterior delta and alpha source activities may be both related to the regulation of human brain arousal and vigilance in quiet wakefulness.

Significance: Future research in healthy young adults may use this methodology to preselect new symptomatic drug candidates designed to normalize brain arousal and vigilance in seniors with dementia.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease (AD); Exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic source tomography (eLORETA); Modafinil; Resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms; Sleep deprivation.