Antimony- and Bismuth-Based Chalcogenides for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received much attention, owing to their great potential for large-scale application. A lack of efficient anode materials with high reversible capacity is one main challenge facing the development of SIBs. Antimony- and bismuth-based chalcogenides materials can store large amounts of Na⁺ ions, owing to the alloying/dealloying reaction mechanism within a low potential range, and thus, are regarded as promising anodes for SIBs. However, these materials face great challenges of poor ion diffusion rate, multiple phase transformations, and severe morphology pulverization. Herein, recent developments in antimony- and bismuth-based chalcogenides materials, mainly rational structural design strategies used and the electrochemical reaction mechanisms involved, are summarized. Perspectives for further improving antimony- and bismuth-based chalcogenides anodes are also provided.

Keywords: antimony; bismuth; chalcogens; electrochemistry; sodium.