Background: Lifestyle interventions with personalized self-management programs have shown benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a devastating highly prevalent disease worldwide. Despite advances in drug therapy and nonpharmacological strategies achieved in the past recent years, self-management programs to be implemented in everyday life are needed. The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the effects, in terms of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values and self-management behavior, of a telemedicine-assisted self-management program offered to T2DM patients by a large private health insurance company. Methods: Participants with T2DM included 60 adults in the intervention group (M = 59.4 years) and 55 adults in the control group (M = 58.4 years). In the beginning of the study, the intervention group was provided with a tablet computer, a glucometer, and a step counter. Additionally, they received an individual need-based telephone coaching to address and improve motivation and diabetes self-management in daily life. The control group received care as usual and were not offered additional treatment. The study examined the results of a diabetes lifestyle program after 3 months. Results: The intervention resulted in significantly greater declines in HbA1c compared with the control group. In addition, tele-assisted participants showed significant improvements in Diabetes Self-Management scale score and body mass index compared with usual care participants. Conclusions: Patients with T2DM can benefit from telemedicine-assisted self-management programs, which may offer new options for treatment and prevention of disease progression. More follow-up and research is needed to assess feasibility and effectiveness on a larger scale.
Keywords: Glycemic control; Lifestyle program; Self-management; Telemedicine; Type 2 diabetes.