Evolutionary history of Simbu serogroup orthobunyaviruses in the Australian episystem

Jidong Wang; Cadhla Firth; Rachel Amos-Ritchie; Steven S Davis; Hong Yin; Edward C Holmes; Kim R Blasdell; Peter J Walker

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.06.013

Evolutionary history of Simbu serogroup orthobunyaviruses in the Australian episystem

Virology. 2019 Sep:535:32-44. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.06.013. Epub 2019 Jun 26.

Authors

Jidong Wang¹, Cadhla Firth², Rachel Amos-Ritchie³, Steven S Davis⁴, Hong Yin⁵, Edward C Holmes⁶, Kim R Blasdell⁷, Peter J Walker⁸

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, 3200, Victoria, Australia.
² Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4870, Australia.
³ CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, 3200, Victoria, Australia.
⁴ Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
⁶ Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁷ CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, 3200, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: kim.balsdell@csiro.au.
⁸ School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: peter.walker@uq.edu.au.

PMID: 31261025
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.06.013

Abstract

Orthobunyaviruses of the Simbu serogroup are transmitted by insects (primarily biting midges) and infect mammals and/or birds. Many have been associated with disease in livestock or humans. The orthobunyavirus genome comprises three negative-sense RNA segments (L, M and S). We report the complete coding sequences of 57 isolates of Simbu serogroup viruses collected in Australia during 1968-1984. Phylogenetic analysis identified novel genogroups of Akabane virus (AKAV), Aino virus (AINOV) and Peaton virus, and provided evidence of constrained movement of AKAV between epidemiological systems in the northern and eastern regions of the continent. Differential clustering of AKAV isolates in trees inferred from L, M and S segments was indicative of intratypic segment reassortment. Similarly, intertypic segment reassortment was detected between AKAV and Tinaroo virus, and between AINOV and Douglas virus. L segments representing novel genogroups were detected in AINOV reassortants, suggesting the presence of unidentified Simbu group viruses in the episystem.

Keywords: Orthobunyavirus; Phylogenetics; Segment reassortment; Simbu serogroup.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Australia
Birds
Bunyaviridae Infections / veterinary
Bunyaviridae Infections / virology*
Evolution, Molecular*
Genome, Viral
Genotype
Humans
Mammals
Phylogeny*
Simbu virus / classification*
Simbu virus / genetics*
Simbu virus / isolation & purification
Whole Genome Sequencing