Diagnosis and Evaluation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Nikita N Machado; Scott M Wilhelm

doi:10.1016/j.suc.2019.04.006

Diagnosis and Evaluation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Surg Clin North Am. 2019 Aug;99(4):649-666. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 May 10.

Authors

Nikita N Machado¹, Scott M Wilhelm²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Conneaut, Suite 203, 158 West Main Road, Conneaut, OH 44030, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/machado_nikita.
² Department of Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address: scott.wilhelm@uhhospitals.org.

PMID: 31255197
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2019.04.006

Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder, resulting from the autonomous production of parathyroid hormone from 1 or more abnormal parathyroid glands. Disease presentation ranges from asymptomatic to multiorgan involvement (skeletal, renal, neurocognitive, and gastrointestinal). This article outlines the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic algorithm for PHPT. Key laboratory assessments are discussed, as are imaging studies for preoperative localization. Indications for surgical intervention are detailed, as are potential indications for surveillance. Sporadic and genetic syndromes associated with PHPT are also described.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Parathyroid localization; Primary hyperparathyroidism; Surveillance.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Genetic Testing / methods*
Humans
Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / diagnosis*
Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / surgery
Parathyroid Glands / diagnostic imaging*
Parathyroid Glands / surgery
Parathyroidectomy
Prognosis
Reproducibility of Results