Investigation of the Anticancer Activity of Coordination-Driven Self-AssembledTwo-Dimensional Ruthenium Metalla-Rectangle

Harsh Vardhan; Ayman Nafady; Abdullah M Al-Enizi; Khalid Khandker; Hussein M El-Sagher; Gaurav Verma; Mildred Acevedo-Duncan; Tawfiq M Alotaibi; Shengqian Ma

doi:10.3390/molecules24122284

Investigation of the Anticancer Activity of Coordination-Driven Self-AssembledTwo-Dimensional Ruthenium Metalla-Rectangle

Molecules. 2019 Jun 19;24(12):2284. doi: 10.3390/molecules24122284.

Authors

Harsh Vardhan¹, Ayman Nafady^{2

3}, Abdullah M Al-Enizi⁴, Khalid Khandker⁵, Hussein M El-Sagher⁶, Gaurav Verma⁷, Mildred Acevedo-Duncan⁸, Tawfiq M Alotaibi⁹, Shengqian Ma¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. hvardhan@mail.usf.edu.
² Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. anafady@ksu.edu.sa.
³ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt. anafady@ksu.edu.sa.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. amenizi@ksu.edu.sa.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. kmkhalid@mail.usf.edu.
⁶ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt. omran1st@yahoo.com.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. gauravv@mail.usf.edu.
⁸ Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. macevedo@usf.ed.
⁹ King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. t.otaibi@energy.gov.sa.
¹⁰ Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. sqma@usf.edu.

Abstract

Coordination-driven self-assembly is an effective synthetic tool for the construction of spatially and electronically tunable supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs), which are useful in various applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of a two-dimensional discrete metalla-rectangle [(η⁶-p-cymene)₄Ru₄(C₆H₂O₄)₂(2)₂](CF₃SO₃)₄ (3) by the reaction of a dinuclear half-sandwich ruthenium (II) complex [Ru₂(η⁶-p-cymene)₂(C₆H₂O₄)Cl₂] (1) and bis-pyridyl amide linker (2) in the presence of AgO₃SCF₃. This cationic ruthenium metalla-rectangle (3) has been isolated as its triflate salt and characterized by analytical techniques including elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹³C-NMR), ¹H-¹H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), ¹H-¹H nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). Significantly, the 2D cationic ruthenium metalla-rectangle showed better anticancer activity towards three different cell lines (A549, Caki-1 and Lovo) as compared with the parent ruthenium complex (1) and the commercially used drug, cisplatin.

Keywords: amide linker; anticancer activity; cisplatin; ruthenium complex; self-assembly.

MeSH terms

Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry*
Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival / drug effects
Cisplatin / pharmacology
Coordination Complexes / chemical synthesis
Coordination Complexes / chemistry*
Coordination Complexes / pharmacology*
Humans
Molecular Structure
Ruthenium* / chemistry
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Substances

Antineoplastic Agents
Coordination Complexes
Ruthenium
Cisplatin

Grants and funding

236/Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University