Botulinum neurotoxins A, B, C, E, and F preferentially enter cultured human motor neurons compared to other cultured human neuronal populations

FEBS Lett. 2019 Sep;593(18):2675-2685. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.13508. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons can be exquisitely sensitive to botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), exceeding sensitivity of the traditionally used mouse bioassay. In this report, four defined hiPSC-derived neuronal populations including primarily GABAergic, glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and motor neurons were examined for BoNT/A, B, C, D, E, and F sensitivity. The data indicate that sensitivity varies markedly for the BoNTs tested. Motor neurons are significantly more sensitive than other neuron types for all BoNTs except BoNT/D. Examination of SNARE protein levels and BoNT-specific cell surface protein receptors reveals few differences between the cell types except greater expression levels of the receptor protein SV2C and synapsin-IIa in motor neurons. This indicates that differential toxicity of BoNTs for motor neurons compared to other neuronal cell types involves multiple mechanisms.

Keywords: botulinum neurotoxin; cell-based assay; hiPSC; human cell lines; neurons.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Biological Transport
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / cytology
  • Motor Neurons / cytology
  • Motor Neurons / metabolism*
  • Neurotoxins / metabolism*
  • Proteolysis
  • Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 / metabolism

Substances

  • Neurotoxins
  • Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A